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Martha Matilda Harper
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Martha Matilda Harper (September 10, 1857, Oakville, Ontario – August 3, 1950, Rochester, New York) was a Canadian-American businesswoman, entrepreneur, and inventor who built an international network of franchised hair salons that emphasized healthy hair care. Born in Canada, Harper was sent away by her father when she was seven to work as a domestic servant. She worked in that profession for 25 years before she saved enough money to start working full-time producing a hair tonic she invented.〔("Martha Matilda Harper" ) Women of the Hall. National Women's Hall of Fame. Retrieved 2010-02-10.〕 The product, and the creation of special hair salons that utilized it, was successful. Harper began franchising the salon model to low-income women, and by its peak the company included more than 500 franchises and an entire line of hair care products.
==Early years==
Born in Ontario, Canada, Harper's father sent her away at age seven to become a domestic servant for relatives in Orno, Ontario. She worked in that profession for 22 years before moving to the United States to work as a servant in Rochester, New York.〔 Her last Canadian employer, a physician, had imparted his knowledge of hair health to her, and bequeathed her his hair tonic formula when he died.〔https://www.rochester.edu/pr/Review/V63N1/feature2.html〕 While a servant, Harper developed her own hair tonic after becoming concerned that the hair products on the market did more harm than good.〔. ("Martha Matilda Harper". Who Made America? ) PBS. Retrieved 2010-02-10.〕 She saved enough money to begin producing the hair tonic full-time, and, upon leaving domestic service three years after her immigration to the United States, opened the first public hair salon in the region in order to help market it.〔
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